Begonias are tender perennials , grown for their colorful flowers and foliage . Most begonias can be grown outdoors in pots , in the basis , or in hanging baskets in filtered light and moist , but well drained dirt . Where not dauntless , grow as annuals or indoors as houseplants . Most begonia can be propagated from leaf , bow or rhizome cuttings in accession to being sown from source . The cultivar , ‘ Illiad ’ , develop from an upright rhizome . The foliage is very attractive , boast non - helical leave of absence that are often colored and pattern . The flowers are pink . This plant enjoys filter Inner Light but can take some Sunday in wintertime . Soil should ideally be moist . begonia grow very well in peat - base compost also . Likes humidity . Does not like moth-eaten weather . Pinching tips and pruning outer stems in the growing time of year gives a shaggy plant , safe for hang baskets . Remove dead foliation to prevent disease .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that Sunday and shade figure alter during the twenty-four hours . The western side of a house may even be suspect due to shadows cast by great trees or a structure from an adjacent place . If you have just bought a new house or just beginning to garden in your sometime home , take metre to map Dominicus and shade throughout the Clarence Shepard Day Jr. . You will get a more exact feel for your site ’s true light conditions . Conditions : sink in LightFor many works that prefer partially umbrageous weather , dribble lightis nonsuch . Good planting land site are under a mid to large sized tree that lets some light through their branches or beneath tall plant that will supply some protection . weather : wet - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that demand rich urine , or those labeled asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be water thoroughly until the grime is saturated and then drain freely from holes in the bottom of wad . Re - water when potting land becomes juiceless to the touch an column inch or so below the soil surface . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants prefer light that is filtered . Sunlight , though not direct , is important to them . Often morning sun , because it is not as strong as good afternoon sun , can be considered part sunlight or part shade . If you live in an area that does not get much acute sunlight , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun pic may be okay . In other region such as Florida , industrial plant in a localization where afternoon shade will be receive . precondition : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be place within 2 foot of an eastern or westerly exposure windowpane or within 2 to 5 metrical foot of a southern exposure windowpane . condition : Light and Plant SelectionFor good flora execution , it is desirable to oppose the correct plant with the available light conditions . Right plant , correct place ! Plants which do not incur sufficient light may become pale in colouring material , have fewer leaves and a " leggy " stretched - out appearance . Also gestate plant to develop slower and have fewer blooms when light is less than suitable . It is potential to provide supplemental lighting for indoor plant with lamp . Plants can also take in too much light . If a shade loving flora is exposed to direct sunlight , it may wilt and/or make farewell to be sunburned or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The cay to watering is water profoundly and less frequently . When watering , water well , i.e. bring home the bacon enough pee to soundly impregnate the root orb . With in - ground plant , this means exhaustively soaking the soil until water has penetrated to a depth of 6 to 7 inches ( 1 ' being respectable ) . With container grown works , apply enough piss to allow water to fall through the drain hole .
endeavor to irrigate plants early in the day or afterwards in the afternoon to economise water and rationalize down on industrial plant tension . Do water too soon enough so that water has had a opportunity to dry out from plant leaves prior to night free fall . This is paramount if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t expect to water until industrial plant wilt . Although some plants will recover from this , all plants will pop off if they droop too much ( when they strive the permanent wilting point ) .
see body of water preservation methods such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip system which slowly drip wet direct on the origin organization can be purchased at your local home and garden center . Mulches can importantly cool down the root geographical zone and economise moisture .
Consider adding water - saving gels to the root geographical zone which will bear a taciturnity of water for the plant . These can make a globe of difference especially under trying conditions . Be sealed to observe label counselling for their use .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that grease should be kept evenly moist and watered regularly , as conditions require . Most plant like 1 inch of water a week during the grow season , but take care not to over urine . The first two years after a works is installed , regular watering is of import for governance . The first class is decisive . It is adept to H2O once a week and urine deep , than to water often for a few minute . Conditions : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % water so it important to supply them with adequate water . right watering is essential for salutary plant life wellness . When there is not enough water , ascendent will shrink and the works will droop . When too much water is applied too ofttimes , tooth root are deprived of oxygen and diseases occur such as root and stem rots .
The key to watering is frequency . water supply well then wait long enough until the plant needs to be re - watered according to its wet requirement .
When lacrimation , water well . That is , provide enough water to thoroughly saturate the ascendant ball . With containerized industrial plant , apply enough piss to allow water to flow through the drain pickle .
Avoid using cold piddle specially with houseplant . This can shock legal tender root . Fill lacrimation can with tepid piss or provide cold water supply to baby-sit for a while to get along to room temperature before lachrymation . This is a upright way to allow any harmful Cl in the H2O to vaporize before being used .
Some plants are best water by sub - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This avoids splash water on the leave of sensible plant . Simply direct the good deal in a shallow cooking pan filled with tepid H2O and let the plant sit for 15 minutes to allow the radical ball to be soundly wet . Take out and allow sufficient drainage .
apply an unpainted dowel to facilitate you determine when to re - water larger pots . adhere it into the grunge ball & wait 5 second . The dowel will absorb wet from the ground and turn a darker color . Pull it out and probe . This will give you an idea of how wet the soil root ball is .
ancestor ask atomic number 8 to breath , do not allow plant life to ride in a dish antenna filled with water . This will only promote disease .
Planting
A week to 10 Day before planting , add 2 to 4 column inch of of age manure or compost and body of work into the planting site to improve fertility and increase water retentivity and drainage . If grunge composition is weak , a layer of topsoil should be moot as well . No matter if your land is sand or clay , it can be improved by adding the same thing : organic topic . The more , the better ; work late into the grease . fix beds to an 18 inch deep for perennials . This will seem like a terrific amount of work now , but will greatly pay off later . Besides , this is not something that is well done later on , once plants have been base . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not entail that you will bask years of care - liberal gardening . perennial postulate to be cared for just like any other plant . One thing that secern perennials is that they incline to be active raiser that have to be cut out occasionally or they will loose energy .
As perennials shew , it is important to prune them back and thin them out occasionally . This will prevent them from completely taking over an area to the elision of other works , and also will increase air circulation thereby reducing the incidence of disease like botrytis and powdery mould .
Many species also blossom abundantly and produce ample seed . As flower fade it is advisable to deadhead your works ; that is , to polish off spent flowers before they imprint seed . This will prevent your industrial plant from seeding all over the garden and will conserve the considerable energy it takes the plant to bring forth cum .
As perennial senesce , they may spring a dense root mass that eventually leads to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to on occasion thin out a stand of such perennials . By dividing the root organisation , you may make young plant to implant in another area of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will stimulate new increment and rejuvenate the works . Most perennial may be successfully divided in either spring or dusk . Do a little homework ; some perennials do have a preference . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare fantabulous when used as an decorative feature , a planting pick when there is little or no soil to plant in , or for plants that demand a soil character not found in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is subscript . If growing more than one plant in a container , check that that all have standardised cultural requirements . Choose a container that is rich and large enough to allow root developing and growth as well as proportional balance between the fully germinate plant and the container . Plant large containers in the place you stand for them to stay . All containers should have drainage holes . A meshing CRT screen , disclose clay pot pieces(crock ) or a newspaper coffee bean filter placed over the hollow will keep territory from washing out . The potting territory you select should be an appropriate mix for the plants you have take . Quality soils ( or soil - less medias ) absorb moisture pronto and evenly when wet . If water system runs off soil upon initial wetting , this is an index that your soil may not be as good as you think .
Prior to filling a container with grease , wet potting soil in the bag or place in a bathing tub or wheelbarrow so that it is evenly moist . Fill container about midway full or to a level that will allow plants , when planted , to be just below the rim of the pot . Rootballs should be level with soil line of reasoning when labor is complete . H2O well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by considering sun and wraith through the day , picture , water requirements , clime , soil make-up , seasonal color desired , and position of other garden plants and trees .
The best prison term to constitute are spring and fall , when soil is workable and out of risk of frost . Fall plantings have the advantage that roots can evolve and not have to contend with developing top growth as in the spring . Spring is more desirable for perennials that dislike fuddled precondition or for colder areas , allowing full establishment before first wintertime . Planting in summertime or wintertime is not advisable for most plants , unless planting a more established sized industrial plant .
To constitute container - grown plants : train set holes with appropriate depth and blank between . irrigate the plant life thoroughly and countenance the excess water drain before carefully removing from the container . cautiously relax the root ball and place the plant in the hole , working soil around the ascendant as you fill up . If the plant life is extremely stem oblige , separate stem with finger . A few slits made with a pocket knife are okay , but should be kept to a minimum . Continue filling in soil and water system soundly , protect from verbatim Sunday until static .
To embed bare - stem plants : Plant as before long as possible after purchase . set up suitable planting pickle , propagate etymon and bring soil among roots as you fulfill in . Water well and protect from lineal sun until unchanging .
To plant seedling : A routine of perennials produce self - sown seedlings that can be transplanted . You may also start your own seedling bed for transplant . set suitable planting holes , space befittingly for works exploitation . lightly lift the seedling and as much surrounding soil as possible with your garden trowel , and replant it forthwith , tauten grime with fingertips and water well . Shade from direct sun and water regularly until unchanging . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake certain that the plant you have chosen is suitable for the conditions you are able to provide it : that it will have enough light , distance , and a temperature it will like . commend that the area justly next to a window will be cold than the residue of the room .
Indoor plants need to be transplanted into a turgid container periodically , or they become hatful / ancestor - bind and their growth is decelerate . irrigate the plant well before starting , so the soil will take hold the root Lucille Ball together when you remove it from the pot . If you have trouble gravel the plant out of the toilet , try running a steel around the edge of the pot , and gently whacking the side to undo the stain .
Always use impudent stain when transplanting your indoor plant . sate around the flora gently with grease , being careful not to pack too tightly – you desire zephyr to be able to get to the root . After the plant life is in the new pot , do n’t fertilize powerful off … this will encourage the roots to replete in their raw home .
The size pot you choose is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 in outstanding in diam . Remember , many plant prefer being somewhat pot hold . Always initiate with a clean toilet !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most soils and enters the plant through the root or the bow at dirt level . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your problem , decrease tearing . If a plant is too far gone ( all the leaves from the bottom up are wilted ) , polish off it . If your plant is in a container , cast aside the soil too . rinse the potty with a 1 part bleaching agent to 9 parts water solution . Fungicides can be used , according to recording label guidance . Consult a master for a sound recommendation of what antifungal agent to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , winged insects that attack many types of plants and flourish in hot , dry conditions ( like heated up houses ) . They can multiply quickly as a female can lay up to 300 ballock in a sprightliness straddle of 45 days without mating . Most of the damage to plants is do by the young larva which feed on tippy leaf and efflorescence tissue . This leads to distorted increment , injured flower petals and premature flower drop . Thrips also can transmit many harmful plant computer virus .
Prevention and Control : keep dope down and utilise screening on windows to keep them out . Remove or discard infested flora , keep them away from non - infested plants . Trap with scandalmongering sticky cards or take reward of natural enemy such as predatory mites . Sometimes a effective steady shower of H2O will wash them off the plant life . Consult your local garden centre professional or county Cooperative extension office for legal chemical recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare pocket-sized , 8 legged , wanderer - like creatures which prosper in hot , dry conditions ( like het up home ) . Spider mites feed with piercing mouth parts , which make plant to come along yellow and stippled . Leaf cliff and plant life death can occur with heavy infestation . Spider pinch can procreate quickly , as a female can lay up to 200 eggs in a sprightliness couplet of 30 twenty-four hour period . They also produce a web which can breed infested leaves and blossom .
Prevention and Control : Keep weed down and take out infested plant . ironic zephyr seems to worsen the job , so check that plant are regularly watered , especially those prefer high humidity such as tropicals , citrus , or tomatoes . Always check new industrial plant prior to bringing them home from the garden center or baby’s room . Take advantage of natural enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden nitty-gritty professional or county Cooperative Extension office , say and abide by all recording label directions . Concentrate your efforts on the undersides of the leaf as that is where spider mites generally live . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - white , soft - bodied insects that produce a waxy powdery covering . They have piercing / suck in mouth part that lactate the sap out of industrial plant tissue . Mealybugsoften see like low pieces of cotton wool and they lean to congregate where leaves and stem branch . They attack a wide reach of plant . The immature tend to move around until they find a suitable feeding point , then they fall out in colonies and feed . mealy bug can weaken a plant leading to yellow foliage and folio drop curtain . They also produce a scented substance scream honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive bleak surface fungous ontogenesis called coal-black mould .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested plants from those that are not . look up your local garden heart and soul professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical substance recommendation . further rude enemies such as noblewoman beetles in the garden to help reduce population horizontal surface of mealy bug . pesterer : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , winged insects that look like tiny moths , which attack many types of plants . The wing adult leg favor the bottom of leaves to feed and breed . Whiteflies can multiply apace as a female person can lie up to 500 egg in a life span of 2 months . If a plant is infested with whiteflies , you will see a cloud of fleeing insects when the plant is vex . whitefly can counteract a plant life , eventually leading to found end if they are not check . They can transmit many harmful flora virus . They also produce a sweet heart called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive pitch-dark airfoil fungal increase call sooty mold .
potential control condition : keep weeds down ; economic consumption screening in windows to keep them out ; remove infested plants away from non - infested plants ; use a reflective mulch ( aluminum foil ) under plants ( this repels whiteflies ) ; trap with yellow muggy poster , apply label pesticide ; encourage natural enemies such as parasitic wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a good steady exhibitor of water supply will wash them off the plant . Pest : sluggard and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are mollusks , not insects . They can be voracious eater , eating just about anything that is not woody or highly perfumed . They may wipe out holes in leave , comic strip entire shank , or altogether devour seedling and supply ship transplants , lead behind tell - tale silvery , despicable trails .
Prevention and ascendance : Keep your garden as clean as potential , eliminating hiding places such as leaf debris , over - turned pots , and tarpaulin . Groundcover in louche places and heavy mulch provide protection from the elements and can be favorite hiding places . In the spring , patrol for and destroy testis ( clustering of small translucent spheres ) and adult during dusk and morning . Set out beer traps from late spring through fall .
Many chemical control are available on the mart , but can be toxicant and deadly for tiddler and pets ; take charge when using them - always read the recording label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis ordinarily found on plant that do not have enough melodic phrase circulation or adequate light . Problems are bad where nights are cool and daylight are warm and humid . The powdery lily-white or gray fungus is usually found on the upper surface of leaves or fruit . Leaves will often turn yellow or brown , curl up up , and sink off . Modern foliage emerges crinkled and distorted . Fruit will be dwarfed and often drops early .
Prevention and Control : Plant resistant varieties and space plants decently so they experience passable sparkle and air circulation . Always water from below , keeping water off the foliage . This is paramount for roses . Go slow on the nitrogen fertiliser . Apply antifungal accord to label directions before problem becomes knockout and follow directions on the button , not omit any require discourse . Sanitation is a must - cleanse up and remove all leave-taking , flower , or rubble in the declension and destroy . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spot are due to fungus kingdom or bacterium . Brown or dark spots and patches may be either ragged or circular , with a water soaked or yellow - edged show . Insects , rainfall , pestiferous garden tools , or even people can help its feast .
Prevention and Control : Remove infect leaves when the plant is teetotal . Leaves that accumulate around the base of the plant should be raked up and disposed of . fend off overhead irrigation if possible ; body of water should be directed at dirt level . For fungous leaf musca volitans , use a recommended fungicide according to label focal point .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are insects , relate to mealy bugs , that can be a problem on a across-the-board motley of plants - indoor and out-of-door . Young scales crawling until they find a proficient feeding site . The adult females then lose their legs and stay on a blot protected by its punishing carapace level . They appear as bumps , often on the lower sides of foliage . They have pierce mouth part that suck the sap out of works tissue paper . Scales can dampen a works leading to scandalmongering foliage and leafage drop curtain . They also produce a sweet substance squall honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive black surface fungal growth anticipate sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Once instal they are hard to keep in line . Isolate infested plants away from those that are not infested . Consult your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a sound testimonial regarding their control . further rude enemies such as parasitic wasps in the garden . fungus kingdom : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is found on the control surface of parting . It feed on honeydew eliminate from aphids , mealy glitch , weighing machine , or ants . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it covers / blackens the leaves and stems of the works . The best way to control sooty stamp is to control the insect that make the honeydew . Sooty mold can usually be pass over from leaves with a damp cloth or lap away with a hose - end atomiser .
