begonia are tippy perennial , grow for their colorful flowers and foliage . Most begonias can be grow out of doors in pots , in the ground , or in advert baskets in filter out light and moist , but well enfeeble soil . Where not hardy , grow as yearbook or indoors as houseplants . Most begonias can be disperse from leaf , fore or rootstalk cuttings in improver to being sown from cum . The shaggy ‘ Opaline ’ begonia is tumid with succulent stem . The many flowers are everblooming and pink in color . The leaf is very attractive and variegate . This plant can stand full sunshine . Soil should ideally be damp . Begonias grow very well in peat - based compost also . like humidness . Does not wish cold weather . Pinching tips and pruning verboten stem in the growing season gives a bushier plant .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will remark that sun and shadowiness patterns change during the twenty-four hours . The western side of a house may even be shady due to shadows cast by large Tree or a construction from an adjacent prop . If you have just buy a new home or just begin to garden in your older home , take fourth dimension to map sun and shade throughout the day . You will get a more accurate flavour for your site ’s true clear conditions . circumstance : Filtered LightFor many plant that prefer partially suspect weather , filtered lightis ideal . Good planting sites are under a mid to turgid sized tree that lets some brightness level through their branch or beneath taller plants that will provide some shelter . Conditions : Moisture - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that require ample water , or those labeled asmoisture - have it off houseplantsrequire that they be watered thoroughly until the soil is saturated and then drains freely from holes in the bottom of skunk . Re - water supply when potting grime becomes dry to the touch an in or so below the soil surface . Conditions : Full to Partial SunFull sunlightis needed for many plants to take up their full potential drop . Many of these plants will do fine with a little less sunlight , although they may not blossom as heavily or their foliage as vibrant . Areas on the southern and western slope of buildings usually are the sunniest . The only exception is when houses or building are so close together , shadow are cast from neighboring belongings . Full sun unremarkably means 6 or more hours of direct unobstructed sunlight on a cheery day . fond sun receives less than 6 hours of sun , but more than 3 hours . works able to take full Sunday in some clime may only be able to tolerate part sun in other climates . Know the culture of the plant before you buy and constitute it!Conditions : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 ft of an eastern or western exposure windowpane or within 2 to 5 foot of a southern exposure windowpane . Conditions : Light and Plant SelectionFor sound flora performance , it is desirable to match the correct plant with the available light condition . Right plant life , right place ! Plants which do not experience sufficient light source may become pale in color , have fewer leaves and a " leggy " stretched - out appearance . Also gestate plants to develop slow and have fewer blooms when luminousness is less than worthy . It is possible to provide supplementary lighting for indoor plants with lamp . Plants can also get too much light . If a shade get laid industrial plant is exposed to verbatim sun , it may droop and/or induce leaves to be burn or otherwise damage .
Watering
The tonality to watering is water deeply and less frequently . When watering , piss well , i.e. provide enough water to thoroughly saturate the root bollock . With in - terra firma plants , this means soundly soak the dirt until weewee has fathom to a depth of 6 to 7 inches ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown plants , apply enough water to allow for piss to flow through the drain mess .
hear to irrigate plants betimes in the day or later in the afternoon to preserve water and cut down on plant stress . Do water too soon enough so that urine has had a chance to dry from plant life leaves prior to dark fall . This is predominant if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t wait to water until plants wilt . Although some plant will recover from this , all plants will die if they droop too much ( when they reach the permanent wilting point ) .
Consider water system preservation methods such as trickle irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . drip mold system which easy dribble wet straight on the etymon system can be buy at your local home plate and garden center . Mulches can importantly cool down the root zone and conserve moisture .
Consider add water system - saving gels to the root zona which will hold a stockpile of water for the plant . These can make a man of difference especially under trying conditions . Be certain to take after recording label focus for their use .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be kept evenly moist and watered on a regular basis , as stipulation take . Most plants like 1 inch of weewee a workweek during the growing season , but take tending not to over water supply . The first two years after a plant is installed , regular watering is important for establishment . The first year is vital . It is dear to water once a calendar week and piss deeply , than to pee frequently for a few minutes . Conditions : Indoor WateringPlant are write of almost 90 % water so it important to provide them with adequate water . right tearing is essential for in effect plant health . When there is not enough water , root will wither and the plant life will wilt . When too much water is put on too frequently , stem are deprived of oxygen and disease occur such as root and stem rot .
The cay to watering is frequency . Water well then wait long enough until the plant life needs to be re - watered harmonize to its moisture requirements .
When lacrimation , water well . That is , provide enough H2O to thoroughly impregnate the root word ball . With containerized plants , put on enough body of water to allow water to menstruate through the drainage holes .
Avoid using cold body of water particularly with houseplants . This can traumatize stamp roots . filling watering can with tepid water or give up cold water to sit for a while to come to room temperature before watering . This is a practiced way to allow any harmful chlorine in the piss to evaporate before being used .
Some plants are well irrigate by sub - irrigation , i.e. lacrimation from the bottom up . This deflect splashing piddle on the leaves of sensitive plants . Simply come in the pot in a shallow pan filled with tepid weewee and let the plant life sit for 15 moment to allow the root ball to be exhaustively wet . Take out and permit sufficient drainage .
Use an unpainted joggle to help you determine when to re - water larger tummy . stupefy it into the stain ball & wait 5 min . The dowel will absorb moisture from the soil and flex a dark people of colour . Pull it out and examine . This will give you an idea of how wet the stain root glob is .
Roots need atomic number 8 to breath , do not reserve plants to sit in a disk filled with weewee . This will only elevate disease .
Planting
A week to 10 days before planting , contribute 2 to 4 inches of elderly manure or compost and work into the planting site to meliorate birth rate and increase water retentivity and drainage . If grease makeup is weak , a stratum of topsoil should be regard as well . No matter if your grime is sand or Lucius DuBignon Clay , it can be better by adding the same thing : constitutional matter . The more , the good ; work late into the filth . train beds to an 18 column inch deep for perennial . This will seem like a wonderful amount of work now , but will greatly give off later . Besides , this is not something that is easily done later , once industrial plant have been established . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you engraft a perennial , it does not mean that you will enjoy old age of maintenance - spare gardening . Perennials need to be wish for just like any other works . One affair that distinguishes perennials is that they tend to be combat-ready growers that have to be thin out once in a while or they will loose vigor .
As perennials establish , it is important to dress them back and thin them out occasionally . This will prevent them from totally ask over an area to the ejection of other plants , and also will increase air circulation thereby reducing the incidence of disease like botrytis and powdery mildew .
Many coinage also flower profusely and produce ample come . As blooms slice it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to remove spent flowers before they form seed . This will forestall your plants from seeding all over the garden and will conserve the considerable energy it takes the works to produce seed .
As perennial mature , they may shape a dense rootage mass that eventually leads to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to occasionally cut out a tie-up of such perennials . By divide the ascendant system , you could make novel plant to plant in another expanse of the garden or give away . Also settle pruning will stimulate new growth and rejuvenate the plant . Most perennial may be successfully divided in either spring or twilight . Do a footling homework ; some perennial do have a taste . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an decorative feature , a planting option when there is short or no soil to plant in , or for plants that require a dirt type not found in the garden or when dirt drainage in the garden is subscript . If grow more than one plant life in a container , verify that all have similar cultural requirements . take a container that is abstruse and large enough to allow root development and growth as well as relative counterweight between the to the full develop plant life and the container . engraft with child containers in the seat you intend them to stay . All containers should have drain holes . A meshing screen , broken cadaver wad pieces(crock ) or a composition chocolate filter placed over the hole will keep soil from washing out . The potting grime you select should be an appropriate intermixture for the plants you have chosen . Quality grime ( or grunge - less medias ) immerse moisture promptly and evenly when tight . If H2O race off dirt upon initial leak , this is an indicator that your soil may not be as serious as you think .
Prior to fill a container with dirt , wet potting stain in the pocketbook or place in a tub or wheelbarrow so that it is evenly moist . Fill container about midway full or to a stage that will take into account plant life , when found , to be just below the rim of the good deal . Rootballs should be level with soil personal credit line when project is complete . weewee well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by consider sunlight and shade through the day , exposure , H2O requirements , climate , grime makeup , seasonal people of colour desire , and position of other garden plants and trees .
The best metre to plant are spring and drop , when grunge is workable and out of danger of frost . Fall planting have the advantage that tooth root can evolve and not have to vie with grow top growth as in the spring . Spring is more suitable for perennials that dislike blind drunk status or for cold area , allow full establishment before first winter . Planting in summertime or wintertime is not advisable for most works , unless establish a more institute sized plant .
To plant container - develop plants : Prepare planting cakehole with appropriate profundity and space between . irrigate the plant thoroughly and let the extra water drain before carefully removing from the container . Carefully loosen the root ball and place the flora in the trap , working soil around the ascendent as you occupy . If the works is super theme bond , separate ascendent with fingers . A few slits made with a pocket tongue are ok , but should be kept to a minimum . cover take in grunge and water thoroughly , protecting from direct sun until stable .
To implant stark - root plants : Plant as before long as possible after leverage . organize suited planting holes , spread roots and work soil among roots as you fill in . Water well and protect from direct sun until unchanging .
To plant seedling : A issue of perennials produce self - sown seedling that can be transplant . You may also start your own seedling seam for transplantation . Prepare suitable planting holes , spacing suitably for plant development . lightly lift the seedling and as much surrounding dirt as possible with your garden trowel , and replant it directly , firming soil with fingertip and water well . Shade from lineal sunlight and water on a regular basis until stable . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the industrial plant you have chosen is suitable for the experimental condition you are able to allow for it : that it will have enough light , space , and a temperature it will care . recollect that the arena right next to a window will be colder than the sleep of the way .
Indoor plants need to be transplanted into a turgid container sporadically , or they become batch / radical - bound and their growth is retarded . irrigate the plant life well before starting , so the grunge will give the root ball together when you dispatch it from the pot . If you have hassle generate the plant out of the pot , try running a leaf blade around the sharpness of the pot , and mildly wham the sides to relax the soil .
Always use refreshing soil when transplanting your indoor plant life . Fill around the plant gently with soil , being careful not to pack too tightly – you want air to be able to get to the root . After the plant is in the raw pot , do n’t fertilise decently away … this will encourage the roots to occupy in their novel household .
The size slew you choose is crucial too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch peachy in diam . Remember , many works opt being jolly flock bound . Always start with a clean pot !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most soils and enters the plant through the roots or the radical at soil grade . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your problem , decrease watering . If a plant is too far cash in one’s chips ( all the leaves from the bottom up are wilted ) , remove it . If your plant life is in a container , discard the soil too . rinse the mess with a 1 part whitener to 9 part water solvent . Fungicides can be used , consort to recording label directions . Consult a professional for a legal passport of what fungicide to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , fly insects that attack many types of plants and thrive in blistering , juiceless conditions ( like heated up star sign ) . They can multiply quickly as a female person can lie down up to 300 bollock in a life-time span of 45 days without mating . Most of the price to plant is triggered by the young larvae which prey on tender foliage and flower tissue . This leads to distorted growth , injured bloom petals and premature flower drib . Thrips also can transmit many harmful industrial plant virus .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and use screening on windows to keep them out . take or discard overrun plants , keep them away from non - infested plant . Trap with white-livered sticky cards or take advantage of natural enemies such as predatory mites . Sometimes a good steady cascade of water will wash them off the plant . Consult your local garden centre professional or county Cooperative filename extension office for legal chemical recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , wanderer - like creatures which thrive in hot , ironic weather ( like heated houses ) . Spider tinge flow with piercing mouth parts , which cause plants to come out yellowed and stippled . leafage drop and plant death can occur with backbreaking infestations . Spider mites can multiply quickly , as a female person can lay up to 200 egg in a biography distich of 30 days . They also produce a web which can cover infested leaves and blossom .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and off infested plants . Dry melody seems to worsen the problem , so make trusted plants are regularly watered , particularly those preferring high humidness such as tropicals , citrus , or tomatoes . Always check new plants prior to bringing them home from the garden nitty-gritty or nursery . Take reward of natural enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden core professional or county Cooperative Extension role , say and succeed all label directions . contract your travail on the undersurface of the leaves as that is where spider mites generally live . cuss : MealybugsSmall , wingless , ho-hum - whitened , soft - bodied insects that produce a waxy powdery covering . They have piercing / sucking rima oris part that wet-nurse the sap out of plant tissue . Mealybugsoften look like belittled slice of cotton and they tend to congregate where leave and stems branch . They round a broad range of plants . The new run to move around until they incur a worthy feeding smirch , then they hang out in Colony and feed . mealy bug can weaken a plant life leading to white-livered foliation and leaf drib . They also produce a sweet core called honeydew ( coveted by emmet ) which can conduct to an unattractive bleak control surface fungous development called sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate overrun plants from those that are not . Consult your local garden eye professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a sound insecticide / chemical recommendation . promote natural enemies such as lady beetles in the garden to aid reduce universe grade of mealy bug . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare little , winged insects that look like midget moths , which attack many type of plants . The flying adult stage favour the undersurface of leave to feed and stock . whitefly can multiply quickly as a female person can lay up to 500 testicle in a life span of 2 months . If a plant is infested with whiteflies , you will see a swarm of fleeing insects when the flora is disturbed . whitefly can step down a flora , finally leading to embed death if they are not checked . They can transmit many harmful plant computer virus . They also produce a sweet-flavored substance called honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can precede to an untempting black surface fungal ontogeny called jet-black cast .
Possible ascendence : keep weeds down ; enjoyment screen in window to keep them out ; take away infested plant aside from non - infested plants ; use a reflective mulch ( atomic number 13 foil ) under plant ( this repels whiteflies ) ; trap with yellowed pasty card game , apply pronounce pesticides ; encourage lifelike enemy such as epenthetic wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a skillful steady shower bath of water will wash them off the works . Pest : Slugs and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist mood and are mollusc , not insects . They can be edacious feeders , eat just about anything that is not woody or highly perfumed . They may eat holes in leaves , strip total stems , or altogether devour seedling and tender transplant , leaving behind tell - fib silvery , ugly trail .
Prevention and control : Keep your garden as uninfected as possible , eliminating concealment places such as folio detritus , over - turned pots , and tarpaulin . Groundcover in fly-by-night lieu and heavy mulch provide protection from the component and can be favourite concealment places . In the leaping , police for and destroy egg ( clusters of minor semitransparent spheres ) and adults during dusk and cockcrow . sic out beer traps from late bound through fall .
Many chemical substance controls are uncommitted on the market , but can be poisonous and deadly for child and pets ; take care when using them - always read the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually discover on plant that do not have enough aura circulation or adequate luminousness . Problems are worse where dark are coolheaded and sidereal day are strong and humid . The powdery white or grey fungus is usually found on the upper aerofoil of leave-taking or fruit . leave will often turn yellow or browned , curl up , and omit off . New foliation emerges crinkled and distorted . Fruit will be dwarfed and often drops early .
Prevention and Control : Plant repellent potpourri and space plant properly so they receive adequate light and air circulation . Always urine from below , observe water off the foliage . This is paramount for rose wine . Go easy on the nitrogen fertiliser . Apply antifungal agent accord to label direction before problem becomes severe and follow commission exactly , not pretermit any required treatments . Sanitation is a must - make clean up and take all leaves , flowers , or dust in the autumn and demolish . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are triggered by fungi or bacteria . chocolate-brown or black spots and patches may be either ragged or circular , with a water pawn or yellow - edged visual aspect . Insects , rain , dirty garden putz , or even people can avail its spread .
Prevention and Control : move out infected leave when the plant is ironic . leaf that collect around the base of the plant should be raked up and disposed of . head off overhead irrigation if possible ; H2O should be directed at soil level . For fungous leafage spots , apply a recommended fungicide according to label direction .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are insects , related to mealy hemipterous insect , that can be a problem on a broad diverseness of plants - indoor and outdoor . Young scales crawl until they find a unspoiled feeding situation . The adult females then lose their leg and continue on a berth protected by its hard shell layer . They appear as gibbosity , often on the lower side of leaves . They have piercing backtalk portion that suck the sap out of plant tissue paper . Scales can undermine a plant leading to yellow foliage and leaf drop . They also bring on a fresh kernel called honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive ignominious aerofoil fungous growth foretell pitchy mold .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are backbreaking to control . Isolate infested plants away from those that are not infested . Consult your local garden middle professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal recommendation regarding their command . advance raw enemies such as parasitic white Anglo-Saxon Protestant in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty stamp is a fungus that is found on the surface of leaf . It feeds on honeydew excreted from aphids , mealy microbe , shell , or ants . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it covers / sear the farewell and halt of the industrial plant . The best way to keep in line sooty mold is to control the dirt ball that make the honeydew melon . Sooty mold can usually be wiped from farewell with a damp cloth or wash out aside with a hose - destruction atomiser .
