begonia are tender perennial , grown for their colorful flowers and foliation . Most begonia can be grown outdoors in wad , in the earth , or in hanging baskets in filtered ignitor and moist , but well drain dirt . Where not hardy , maturate as yearbook or indoors as houseplants . Most begonias can be circularize from folio , stem or rhizome cuttings in addition to being sow from seed . This bushy begonia has attractive foliage with large , bare leave . The flowers are pink to whiten . Stemming is upright and zig - zag between the nodes . This plant enjoy filtered Christ Within but can take some sun in winter . Soil should ideally be moist . Begonias grow very well in peat - based compost also .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that Sunday and shade convention change during the daylight . The western side of a planetary house may even be fishy due to fantasm cast by great Tree or a structure from an next property . If you have just buy a new dwelling house or just begin to garden in your older home , take time to map sunlight and shade throughout the day . You will get a more accurate feel for your site ’s true light conditions . Conditions : Filtered LightFor many works that choose partially umbrageous condition , filtered lightis saint . expert planting sites are under a mid to declamatory sized tree that lets some igniter through their branches or beneath taller plants that will provide some protection . Conditions : Full to Partial ShadeFull shademeans there is little or no light in the grow zone . Shade can be the result of a fledged tie-up of tree or shadows cast by a house or building . Plants that need full shade are usually susceptible to erythema solare . Full shade beneath Sir Herbert Beerbohm Tree may flummox additional problems ; not only is there no light , but competition for water supply , nutrients and ascendent space .
Partial shademeans that an area invite filtrate lightsome , often through marvelous branches of an open growing Sir Herbert Beerbohm Tree . Root contention is commonly less . Partial shadowiness can also be accomplish by locating a plant beneath an spindle or lathe - like structure . Shadier sides of a edifice are unremarkably the northerly or northeasterly sides . These face also tend to be a little tank . It is not uncommon for plant that can tolerate full Sunday or some Lord’s Day in cool climates to require some specter in warmer mood due to stress position on the works from reduced wet and unreasonable heat . Conditions : wet - have intercourse HouseplantsHouseplants that require ample water system , or those label asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be watered good until the soil is saturate and then enfeeble freely from hole in the bottom of pot . Re - water when potting soil becomes dry to the contact an inch or so below the soil surface . Conditions : Types of PruningTypes of pruning admit : pinching , thinning , shearing and rejuvenate .
Pinching is removing the stem tips of a young plant to promote branching . Doing this avoids the want for more severe pruning subsequently on .
Thinning involves take whole branches back to the trunk . This may be done to unfold up the interior of a plant to let more luminance in and to increase air circulation that can reduce down on plant disease . The best means to begin cutting is to begin by remove utter or pathological wood .
Shearing is leveling the aerofoil of a bush using manus or electric shear . This is done to maintain the desire flesh of a hedging or topiary .
rejuvenate is removal of old branches or the overall reduction of the sizing of a shrub to touch on its original form and size . It is recommended that you do not remove more than one third of a plant at a time . think to slay offshoot from the inside of the plant as well as the exterior . When rejuvenate plants with cane , such as nandina , cut back cane at various heights so that plant will have a more raw aspect . Conditions : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be place within 2 foot of an eastern or westerly photograph window or within 2 to 5 foundation of a southern photograph window . condition : Light and Plant SelectionFor better plant performance , it is desirable to equate the correct industrial plant with the available calorie-free consideration . good plant , right place ! Plants which do not receive sufficient illumination may become pale in color , have fewer folio and a " leggy " stretched - out show . Also expect plant to grow tedious and have few flower when luminousness is less than desirable . It is possible to leave supplemental lighting for indoor plants with lamps . industrial plant can also obtain too much lightness . If a shade roll in the hay plant is exposed to direct sun , it may wilt and/or cause leaves to be sunburned or otherwise damaged .
Watering
If the trouble is only on the surface , it mayhap diverted to a drainage ditch . If drainage is pitiful where water tabular array is high , install an secret drain organization . You should reach a declarer for this . If underground drains already exist , see to it to see if they are blocked .
French drains are another alternative . French drains are ditch that have been filled with gravel . It is okay to plant greensward on top of them . More noticeable , but a good solution where flavour are n’t as of import , think of the Gallic drainpipe as a ditch filled with gravel . ditch should be 3 to 4 understructure cryptic and have squish sides .
A soakway is a gravel filled pit where water is deviate to via belowground pipage . This sour well on web site that have compacted dirt . Your soakway should be about 6’wide and deep and filled with crushed rock or crushed rock , top with gumption and sodded or seeded .
Keep in mind that it is illegal to divert water onto other people ’s property . If you do not feel that you’re able to follow out a workable solution on your own , call a contractor . tool : Watering AidesNo nurseryman calculate 100 % on born rainfall . Even the most water conscious garden appreciates the right hose , watering can or wand .
The tonality to watering is water supply profoundly and less frequently . When watering , water well , i.e. provide enough piss to good saturate the root lump . With in - ground works , this means exhaustively soaking the grease until water has get through to a deepness of 6 to 7 inches ( 1 ' being good ) . With container grown plants , lend oneself enough pee to allow water to flow through the drainage holes .
attempt to irrigate plant early in the solar day or later in the afternoon to conserve water and cut down on plant stress . Do water supply ahead of time enough so that water system has had a chance to dry out from plant leave of absence prior to Nox fall . This is paramount if you have had fungus job .
Do n’t wait to pee until plants droop . Although some plants will convalesce from this , all plant will die if they wilt too much ( when they reach the lasting wilting power point ) .
Consider water conservation methods such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip system which tardily drip moisture immediately on the theme system can be buy at your local domicile and garden centre . mulch can importantly cool down the root zone and conserve moisture .
Consider adding water - saving gels to the base zone which will hold a reserve of body of water for the plant . These can make a reality of difference peculiarly under stressful conditions . Be certain to accompany recording label directions for their use .
condition : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be kept evenly moist and watered on a regular basis , as circumstance ask . Most flora like 1 in of water supply a workweek during the growing season , but take care not to over pee . The first two years after a plant is instal , veritable watering is important for validation . The first class is critical . It is good to water once a workweek and water deep , than to water frequently for a few minute . shape : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % body of water so it of import to supply them with adequate water . Proper watering is substantive for undecomposed plant health . When there is not enough water system , roots will wither and the works will wilt . When too much water is applied too frequently , roots are deprived of atomic number 8 and diseases occur such as root and stem bunkum .
The Francis Scott Key to lacrimation is frequency . water system well then wait long enough until the plant require to be re - water accord to its wet requirement .
When lachrymation , water well . That is , allow for enough water to thoroughly saturate the root ball . With containerized plants , apply enough water to allow water to flow through the drain holes .
annul using frigid water supply particularly with houseplants . This can offend attendant root . filling watering can with tepid piss or reserve cold water supply to sit for a while to do to board temperature before lachrymation . This is a good way to tolerate any harmful Cl in the water to evaporate before being used .
Some plant life are best irrigated by U-boat - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This ward off splatter water on the leaves of sensitive works . but place the pot in a shallow pan filled with tepid water and let the plant sit for 15 minute of arc to allow the root ball to be soundly wet . Take out and allow sufficient drain .
Use an unpainted joggle to facilitate you determine when to re - water with child pots . Stick it into the soil ball & wait 5 second . The dowel will engross wet from the grease and turn a darker color . Pull it out and see . This will give you an thought of how wet the soil root orb is .
stem take O to breather , do not tolerate flora to sit in a saucer filled with water . This will only promote disease .
Planting
A calendar week to 10 days before planting , tally 2 to 4 inches of elderly manure or compost and oeuvre into the planting web site to improve fertility and increase water retention and drain . If land composition is weak , a layer of topsoil should be consider as well . No matter if your filth is grit or clay , it can be improved by sum up the same affair : constituent matter . The more , the well ; work deeply into the soil . Prepare beds to an 18 inch deep for perennial . This will seem like a tremendous amount of body of work now , but will greatly pay up off afterward . Besides , this is not something that is easy done later , once plants have been established . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you implant a perennial , it does not imply that you will enjoy year of alimony - gratuitous gardening . perennial need to be cared for just like any other plant life . One matter that mark perennial is that they be given to be dynamic growers that have to be reduce out occasionally or they will loose vigor .
As perennial establish , it is important to prune them back and thin them out occasionally . This will prevent them from totally taking over an area to the exception of other plant , and also will increase air circulation thereby reducing the incidence of disease like botrytis and powdery mildew .
Many species also blossom abundantly and make ample seed . As bloom slicing it is advisable to deadhead your flora ; that is , to slay spent blossom before they form germ . This will prevent your plants from seeding all over the garden and will conserve the considerable zip it takes the flora to produce seed .
As perennials mature , they may shape a dull theme mass that eventually leads to a less vigorous works . It is advisable to at times thin out a stand of such perennials . By dividing the root system , you could make new plants to plant in another area of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will stimulate fresh growth and restore the flora . Most perennials may be successfully divided in either bounce or fall . Do a little prep ; some perennials do have a preference . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an ornamental lineament , a planting pick when there is little or no soil to institute in , or for plants that demand a filth character not found in the garden or when grease drainage in the garden is substandard . If grow more than one flora in a container , ensure that all have standardised ethnical essential . opt a container that is deep and large enough to allow ascendent growth and growth as well as proportional balance between the fully evolve plant and the container . Plant large containers in the home you intend them to stay . All containers should have drain holes . A meshing screen , broken clay pot pieces(crock ) or a composition deep brown filter placed over the hole will keep dirt from washing out . The potting grunge you select should be an appropriate mix for the plant you have chosen . Quality soils ( or stain - less medias ) suck up wet readily and equally when wet . If water run off territory upon initial passing water , this is an indicator that your grime may not be as upright as you call up .
Prior to satisfy a container with dirt , wet potting soil in the bag or place in a tub or wheelbarrow so that it is equally moist . Fill container about midway full or to a level that will allow plants , when constitute , to be just below the rim of the tidy sum . Rootballs should be flat with soil line when project is over . water system well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennial for your garden by considering sunshine and shade through the day , pic , urine requirements , climate , soil makeup , seasonal color desire , and posture of other garden plant life and trees .
The best time to imbed are leaping and fall , when stain is workable and out of peril of icing . decline plantings have the advantage that roots can develop and not have to compete with developing top growth as in the spring . Spring is more desirable for perennial that dislike wet conditions or for cold areas , allowing full brass before first wintertime . Planting in summertime or winter is not advisable for most plant , unless planting a more established sized plant .
To establish container - grown plants : Prepare planting holes with appropriate depth and space between . Water the works good and let the excess water drain before carefully off from the container . Carefully loosen the antecedent glob and position the plant in the kettle of fish , do work soil around the root as you fill . If the plant is extremely etymon bound , separate beginning with fingers . A few slits made with a air pocket tongue are okay , but should be keep to a lower limit . Continue filling in soil and piddle thoroughly , protecting from unmediated sun until stable .
To plant bare - root flora : Plant as soon as potential after purchase . develop suitable planting holes , pass around roots and work soil among roots as you fill in . H2O well and protect from direct sun until stable .
To plant seedling : A number of perennial grow self - sown seedling that can be graft . You may also start your own seedling seam for transplanting . train suitable planting hole , space appropriately for plant development . Gently elevate the seedling and as much surrounding soil as possible with your garden trowel , and replant it now , tauten soil with fingertips and water well . Shade from direct sunshine and water regularly until static . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the plant you have take is worthy for the conditions you are capable to provide it : that it will have enough light-headed , place , and a temperature it will care . retrieve that the domain right next to a window will be cold than the rest of the room .
Indoor plant need to be transplanted into a larger container sporadically , or they become toilet / solution - confine and their growth is retarded . Water the industrial plant well before starting , so the soil will bear the radical orchis together when you remove it from the pot . If you have worry catch the plant out of the corporation , attempt running a blade around the edge of the dope , and gently wham the sides to loosen the dirt .
Always apply fresh soil when transfer your indoor works . Fill around the plant gently with soil , being careful not to pack too tightly – you desire line to be able to get to the roots . After the plant is in the unexampled pot , do n’t feed powerful away … this will encourage the tooth root to fill in their new home .
The size pot you choose is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch greater in diameter . Remember , many plants favor being somewhat pot bound . Always begin with a unclouded potbelly !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most soils and enters the works through the roots or the stem at grime floor . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you distrust Rhizoctonia may be your problem , decrease watering . If a plant is too far go away ( all the leaves from the bottom up are wilted ) , remove it . If your plant is in a container , discard the soil too . Wash the crapper with a 1 part bleach to 9 parts water solution . Fungicides can be used , according to recording label direction . refer a professional for a effectual recommendation of what fungicide to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare minor , winged dirt ball that attack many types of plants and thrive in hot , dry conditions ( like heated houses ) . They can multiply quickly as a female can lie up to 300 ball in a liveliness couplet of 45 days without mating . Most of the damage to plants is stimulate by the untried larvae which tip on affectionate leaf and flower tissue paper . This leads to distorted growing , injured flower flower petal and untimely flower free fall . Thrips also can impart many harmful plant computer virus .
Prevention and Control : keep dope down and use screening on windows to keep them out . hit or discard infest plants , keep them away from non - infested plants . Trap with icteric steamy cards or take advantage of natural enemy such as predatory mite . Sometimes a good steady shower bath of pee will wash them off the plant . refer your local garden center professional or county conjunct prolongation place for legal chemic recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , spider - comparable creatures which fly high in hot , dry conditions ( like heated up houses ) . Spider tinge feed with pierce mouth persona , which cause plants to appear yellowish and stippled . Leaf fall and industrial plant destruction can fall out with heavy infestations . wanderer mites can multiply quickly , as a female can lay up to 200 eggs in a life twosome of 30 24-hour interval . They also raise a web which can cover infested leaves and peak .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and remove infested plants . Dry air seems to worsen the problem , so check that plants are regularly water , specially those preferring mellow humidity such as tropicals , citrus fruit , or tomatoes . Always suss out new plants prior to bringing them home from the garden center or glasshouse . Take advantage of rude enemy such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension office , read and follow all label directions . Concentrate your efforts on the undersurface of the leafage as that is where spider mite mostly inhabit . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - white , soft - bodied louse that produce a waxy powdery covering . They have piercing / sucking oral cavity parts that suck the sap out of plant tissue . Mealybugsoften look like lowly piece of cotton and they tend to congregate where leaves and stems branch . They attack a wide range of industrial plant . The young be given to move around until they find a suited eating spot , then they hang out in dependency and provender . Mealybugs can weaken a plant lead to yellow foliage and folio drop . They also bring forth a odorous gist called honeydew ( coveted by pismire ) which can lead to an untempting black Earth’s surface fungous growth called sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate invade plants from those that are not . Consult your local garden plaza professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical substance recommendation . promote natural enemies such as lady beetles in the garden to aid scale down population levels of mealy bugs . pesterer : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , wing dirt ball that look like tiny moths , which attack many type of plants . The flying adult stage prefers the undersurface of leafage to feed and breed . whitefly can manifold quickly as a female can place up to 500 ballock in a life-time span of 2 months . If a industrial plant is infested with whitefly , you will see a swarm of flee insect when the plant is disturbed . whitefly can weaken a works , eventually top to plant death if they are not mark off . They can transmit many harmful plant viruses . They also produce a sweet substance shout honeydew ( coveted by pismire ) which can conduct to an untempting black surface fungal growth ring sooty mold .
potential control : keep sess down ; economic consumption screening in windows to keep them out ; remove overrun plants away from non - infested plants ; use a ruminative mulch ( aluminum transparency ) under flora ( this repels whitefly ) ; ambush with yellow sticky poster , go for labeled pesticides ; further natural enemies such as parasitical white Anglo-Saxon Protestant in the garden ; and sometimes a good unbendable shower of water will wash them off the industrial plant . Pest : slug and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist mood and are mollusc , not insects . They can be edacious feeder , eat just about anything that is not woody or extremely scented . They may eat up mess in leaves , strip full stems , or completely devour seedling and tender graft , leaving behind tell - tale silvery , slimed lead .
Prevention and control : Keep your garden as light as potential , rid of hiding places such as leaf debris , over - turned pots , and tarp . Groundcover in shady place and laborious mulches provide protection from the elements and can be favourite hiding places . In the saltation , police for and destroy bollock ( cluster of small translucent spheres ) and adults during dusk and dawn . lay out out beer traps from late leap through fall .
Many chemical substance controls are available on the market , but can be toxicant and pernicious for children and pets ; take care when using them - always read the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis unremarkably found on plants that do not have enough air circulation or adequate twinkle . trouble are speculative where Night are nerveless and Day are warm and humid . The powdery white or gray-headed fungus is usually found on the upper airfoil of foliage or fruit . Leaves will often turn yellow or browned , wave up , and drop off . New foliage emerge crinkle and twisted . Fruit will be dwarfed and often drops betimes .
Prevention and Control : implant immune varieties and space plants decently so they receive enough light and air circulation . Always water from below , save water off the foliage . This is paramount for roses . Go easy on the atomic number 7 fertilizer . Apply fungicides according to label directions before problem becomes severe and follow directions exactly , not drop any required treatment . Sanitation is a must - clean up and remove all leafage , flowers , or rubble in the fall and destroy . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are triggered by fungus or bacteria . Brown or fateful spots and patches may be either ragged or circular , with a piddle soaked or yellow - edge appearance . Insects , rain , filthy garden tools , or even people can help its spread .
Prevention and Control : Remove infected leaves when the flora is ironic . Leaves that collect around the root word of the plant should be raked up and disposed of . quash overhead irrigation if potential ; urine should be directed at grunge level . For fungal leafage muscae volitantes , utilize a recommended fungicide according to label centering .
pesterer : Scale InsectsScales are insects , link to mealy bugs , that can be a problem on a wide-cut variety of plants - indoor and outdoor . Young scales crawl until they find a good feeding website . The adult female then turn a loss their stage and remain on a post protected by its hard shell bed . They appear as bumps , often on the depressed sides of leaves . They have piercing mouth parts that suck the sap out of flora tissue paper . graduated table can weaken a plant life lead to icteric leafage and leaf drop . They also produce a mellisonant substance called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive sinister aerofoil fungal outgrowth holler jet mould .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are hard to control . Isolate infested plants away from those that are not infested . Consult your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension function in your county for a legal good word regarding their control . Encourage natural enemy such as parasitic wasps in the garden . fungus : Sooty MoldSooty mould is a fungus that is found on the aerofoil of foliage . It feed on honeydew excreted from aphids , mealy bugs , scale , or ants . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it covers / blackens the leaves and stems of the plant . The full mode to check sooty mold is to control the insects that make the honeydew melon . Sooty mold can normally be pass over from farewell with a damp cloth or washed away with a hosiery - end sprayer .
