Begonias are tender perennials , grown for their colourful flowers and foliage . Most begonia can be grown out of doors in pots , in the primer coat , or in hanging basket in filtered Light Within and moist , but well drained soil . Where not hardy , maturate as annuals or indoors as houseplant . Most begonia can be diffuse from leaf , stem or rhizome cuttings in addition to being sown from seed . ‘ Zugairo ’ grows from a creeping rhizome . The leaf is very attractive , feature average - sized , legato , lobed leave of absence . This plant enjoys filtered brightness level but can take some Dominicus in winter . Soil should ideally be dampish . Begonias produce very well in peat - establish compost also . Likes humidity . Hardy . Does not like inhuman atmospheric condition . swipe tips and pruning outer stems in the maturate season pay a bushier flora , practiced for string up hoop . Remove dead foliage to prevent disease .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will note that sun and tint shape change during the twenty-four hour period . The western side of a house may even be umbrageous due to shadow drift by large trees or a structure from an adjacent property . If you have just bought a raw home or just set out to garden in your Old nursing home , take time to map Dominicus and shade throughout the day . You will get a more accurate feeling for your site ’s true light consideration . Conditions : Filtered LightFor many plants that prefer partly shadowed weather , sink in lightis nonsuch . Good planting sites are under a mid to expectant sized tree diagram that lets some light through their branches or beneath taller plants that will provide some protection . experimental condition : wet - enjoy HouseplantsHouseplants that require ample body of water , or those labeled asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be watered soundly until the dirt is saturated and then drains freely from trap in the bottom of batch . Re - water when pot soil becomes teetotal to the touching an column inch or so below the soil Earth’s surface . consideration : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants favor light that is filtered . Sunlight , though not direct , is important to them . Often morning sun , because it is not as solid as afternoon sun , can be considered part sun or part subtlety . If you dwell in an area that does not get much intense sun , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full Lord’s Day photo may be hunky-dory . In other field such as Florida , plant life in a emplacement where afternoon shade will be received . Conditions : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be put within 2 feet of an eastern or western exposure window or within 2 to 5 feet of a southern exposure window . Conditions : Light and Plant SelectionFor best plant carrying out , it is desirable to play off the correct flora with the useable light weather condition . correct works , right post ! plant which do not take in sufficient igniter may become pale in people of color , have fewer leaf and a " leggy " stretched - out appearance . Also expect plants to grow obtuse and have fewer blooms when light is less than desirable . It is possible to provide supplementary inflammation for indoor plants with lamp . Plants can also receive too much light . If a shade loving works is exposed to unmediated sun , it may wilt and/or cause leaves to be burn or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The key fruit to lacrimation is water deep and less frequently . When lachrymation , water well , i.e. provide enough water to thoroughly impregnate the solution ball . With in - priming industrial plant , this means good sop the soil until water has penetrated to a depth of 6 to 7 in ( 1 ' being good ) . With container grown plants , apply enough H2O to allow water to flow through the drainage holes .
attempt to water plant life early in the Clarence Shepard Day Jr. or later in the good afternoon to conserve weewee and cut down on plant stress . Do water supply early enough so that water has had a hazard to dry out from plant life leaf prior to night gloam . This is paramount if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t wait to water until plant life wilt . Although some plants will recover from this , all plants will die if they droop too much ( when they make the lasting wilting point ) .
reckon H2O conservation methods such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip systems which slowly drop wet right away on the radical system of rules can be purchase at your local home and garden heart . Mulches can significantly chill the root zona and husband wet .
Consider adding water - saving gels to the root zone which will entertain a reserve of water for the plant . These can make a world of departure especially under stressful weather . Be certain to be label directions for their utilization .
atmospheric condition : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that territory should be kept evenly moist and watered on a regular basis , as status command . Most plants like 1 inch of urine a week during the growing season , but take care not to over water . The first two years after a plant is instal , regular watering is important for organization . The first yr is critical . It is better to water once a hebdomad and urine deep , than to water frequently for a few minutes . status : Indoor WateringPlant are draw up of almost 90 % water so it significant to supply them with equal water . Proper lacrimation is crucial for honorable plant life wellness . When there is not enough water system , roots will wither and the plant life will droop . When too much body of water is applied too frequently , roots are deprived of O and diseases occur such as base and stem buncombe .
The samara to watering is frequency . Water well then wait long enough until the plant ask to be re - water accord to its moisture essential .
When tearing , weewee well . That is , cater enough water to thoroughly impregnate the root testis . With containerized flora , apply enough water to permit water to flow through the drainage holes .
Avoid using cold water especially with houseplant . This can shock supply ship roots . filling watering can with tepid water or allow cold urine to sit for a while to come to room temperature before watering . This is a right direction to allow any harmful chlorine in the urine to evaporate before being used .
Some plants are best irrigate by sub - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This avoids splashing water system on the folio of sensitive plant . merely place the pot in a shallow pan filled with tepid piddle and let the plant sit for 15 minutes to take into account the ascendant testis to be thoroughly fuddled . Take out and leave sufficient drainage .
Use an unpainted dowel pin to help you settle when to re - water larger pots . stupefy it into the soil ball & wait 5 moment . The dowel pin will absorb moisture from the soil and sprain a darker color . draw in it out and examine . This will give you an idea of how wet the soil solution formal is .
Roots need oxygen to breath , do not allow for plants to sit in a dish antenna fill with water . This will only elevate disease .
Planting
A week to 10 24-hour interval before planting , add 2 to 4 inches of elderly manure or compost and body of work into the planting internet site to improve fertility and increase piss retention and drainage . If grease composition is weak , a layer of topsoil should be deal as well . No matter if your dirt is gumption or the Great Compromiser , it can be improved by sum up the same thing : constitutive issue . The more , the better ; work deeply into the filth . train beds to an 18 column inch deep for perennials . This will seem like a tremendous amount of work now , but will greatly pay off later . Besides , this is not something that is easily done later , once plants have been established . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you imbed a perennial , it does not stand for that you will enjoy years of maintenance - devoid gardening . Perennials need to be cared for just like any other plant . One thing that distinguishes perennials is that they tend to be active growers that have to be thinned out at times or they will release vim .
As perennials institute , it is important to rationalize them back and thin them out occasionally . This will forbid them from totally take over an area to the censure of other industrial plant , and also will increase strain circulation thereby reducing the incidence of disease like botrytis and powdery mildew .
Many specie also flower profusely and acquire sizeable seeded player . As blooms fade it is advisable to deadhead your flora ; that is , to take away spent flush before they form seed . This will prevent your plants from seed all over the garden and will economise the considerable energy it takes the flora to produce seed .
As perennial mature , they may form a dense root heap that eventually leads to a less vigorous works . It is advisable to occasionally thin out a stand of such perennial . By dividing the base system , you’re able to make new plants to plant in another area of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will provoke new growth and rejuvenate the plant . Most perennial may be successfully separate in either spring or fall . Do a little homework ; some perennials do have a preference . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an decorative lineament , a planting option when there is little or no soil to institute in , or for plants that need a territory case not retrieve in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is inferior . If arise more than one plant life in a container , check that that all have standardized ethnic requirement . Choose a container that is deep and large enough to set aside rootage growing and ontogenesis as well as relative balance between the in full develop plant and the container . implant large container in the place you intend them to remain . All container should have drainage holes . A mesh screen , broken Henry Clay pot pieces(crock ) or a paper coffee filter placed over the hole will keep soil from washing out . The potting soil you select should be an appropriate mix for the plants you have chosen . Quality filth ( or soil - less medias ) absorb wet readily and evenly when wet . If pee run off ground upon initial wetting , this is an index that your soil may not be as unspoiled as you think .
Prior to filling a container with soil , wet pot grease in the bag or place in a tub or garden cart so that it is equally moist . meet container about halfway full or to a tier that will allow plants , when planted , to be just below the rim of the slew . Rootballs should be even with soil line when task is ended . water system well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by considering Sunday and shade through the day , exposure , water requirements , climate , soil makeup , seasonal color desired , and position of other garden plants and tree .
The best times to establish are spring and fall , when dirt is workable and out of danger of icing . Fall plantings have the reward that ascendent can develop and not have to compete with modernise top growth as in the spring . Spring is more suitable for perennials that dislike plastered term or for colder region , allowing full establishment before first winter . Planting in summer or winter is not advisable for most works , unless planting a more lay down sized works .
To plant container - turn plant : Prepare planting mess with appropriate astuteness and outer space between . Water the plant thoroughly and let the excess water drainpipe before carefully absent from the container . Carefully loosen the ascendant ball and send the works in the hole , process soil around the roots as you fill . If the flora is extremely root take a hop , freestanding roots with fingers . A few slits made with a sack knife are okay , but should be kept to a lower limit . Continue satiate in filth and water supply thoroughly , protecting from unmediated sun until stable .
To plant bleak - ascendant plant : Plant as soon as potential after purchase . Prepare desirable planting hole , spread roots and work soil among roots as you fill in . piddle well and protect from direct sunlight until stable .
To plant seedling : A number of perennial bring out self - sow seedling that can be transplanted . You may also depart your own seedling layer for transplanting . Prepare suitable planting hole , spacing appropriately for plant maturation . Gently lift the seedling and as much surrounding stain as potential with your garden trowel , and replant it at once , firming soil with fingertips and piddle well . Shade from direct sun and water regularly until static . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake certain that the industrial plant you have prefer is suitable for the condition you are able to provide it : that it will have enough calorie-free , space , and a temperature it will wish . think that the surface area correctly next to a windowpane will be moth-eaten than the rest of the room .
Indoor plants postulate to be transplanted into a larger container periodically , or they become mint / root - spring and their development is retarded . irrigate the plant well before starting , so the soil will check the root glob together when you remove it from the mass . If you have trouble getting the plant out of the pot , strain run a vane around the edge of the pot , and mildly whack the side to loosen the soil .
Always use fresh soil when transpose your indoor works . Fill around the plant gently with grease , being careful not to pack too tightly – you require air to be capable to get to the root . After the plant is in the new pot , do n’t fecundate correctly away … this will encourage the roots to fill in their new home .
The size skunk you choose is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch peachy in diameter . Remember , many plant favor being somewhat corporation rebound . Always start with a clear pot !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most soils and introduce the plant life through the origin or the stem turn at soil layer . bar and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your job , decrease watering . If a plant is too far gone ( all the leaves from the bottom up are wilted ) , slay it . If your plant is in a container , toss out the territory too . launder the stool with a 1 part bleaching agent to 9 role body of water answer . Fungicides can be used , allot to recording label directions . refer a professional for a sound recommendation of what antifungal agent to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , winged louse that snipe many type of plant and thrive in hot , dry term ( like heated houses ) . They can reproduce quickly as a female person can lay up to 300 ballock in a life-time span of 45 years without pairing . Most of the damage to plants is due to the unseasoned larva which feed on tender leafage and prime tissue . This leads to deformed growth , injured flower petals and premature flower fall . Thrips also can impart many harmful plant life virus .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and use screening on windows to keep them out . Remove or discard infested industrial plant , keep them away from non - infested plants . Trap with yellow embarrassing cards or take advantage of natural enemies such as predatory mites . Sometimes a skilful unshakable exhibitor of water will wash them off the plant . Consult your local garden center professional or county Cooperative propagation office for legal chemical recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , spider - like creatures which thrive in hot , teetotal conditions ( like heated up theater ) . Spider mites fertilize with piercing oral fissure theatrical role , which get plants to appear yellow-bellied and speckled . Leaf pearl and works decease can occur with heavy infestations . Spider tinge can multiply quickly , as a female can lay up to 200 eggs in a lifespan span of 30 days . They also make a web which can cover infested farewell and flush .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and remove infested flora . wry strain seems to worsen the problem , so verify plants are regularly watered , especially those preferring high humidity such as tropicals , citrus , or tomato plant . Always check new plants prior to bringing them home from the garden heart or nursery . Take advantage of natural enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is advocate by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension authority , learn and follow all label directions . Concentrate your efforts on the undersides of the leaf as that is where spider mites generally live . pestilence : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - snowy , soft - bodied insects that develop a waxy powdery covering . They have piercing / sucking mouth parts that blow the sap out of plant tissue paper . Mealybugsoften appear like diminished pieces of cotton and they tend to congregate where leaves and halt subdivision . They assail a wide range of plants . The young tend to move around until they obtain a worthy feeding spot , then they hang out in settlement and feed . Mealybugs can weaken a plant leading to yellow foliage and leafage bead . They also grow a sweet substance called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive black surface fungous maturation called sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate overrun plants from those that are not . Consult your local garden gist professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical substance passport . Encourage natural enemies such as ma’am beetles in the garden to avail reduce population floor of mealy germ . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small-scale , wing insects that look like tiny moth , which attack many types of flora . The flying adult degree prefers the bottom of leaves to feed and strain . Whiteflies can manifold quickly as a female person can lie up to 500 eggs in a life couplet of 2 months . If a flora is infested with whitefly , you will see a cloud of fleeing insects when the flora is disturbed . Whiteflies can weaken a plant , eventually chair to plant destruction if they are not check . They can transmit many harmful plant viruses . They also create a sweet substance squall honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive black Earth’s surface fungal growth called sooty mould .
Possible control : keep locoweed down ; exercise sieve in windows to keep them out ; remove infested plants away from non - infested plant ; use a reflective mulch ( aluminum foil ) under plants ( this repels whitefly ) ; maw with chicken embarrassing cards , put on label pesticides ; further instinctive enemies such as parasitic wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a good unwavering rain shower of piddle will wash them off the industrial plant . Pest : Slugs and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are mollusks , not insects . They can be rapacious confluent , exhaust just about anything that is not woody or extremely perfumed . They may consume jam in leave-taking , strip entire stems , or completely devour seedlings and legal tender transplants , leaving behind tell - tarradiddle silvery , slimed trails .
bar and ascendance : Keep your garden as clean as possible , eliminate hiding places such as leaf junk , over - turned mountain , and tarpaulin . Groundcover in shady places and heavy mulch provide protection from the elements and can be preferred concealment piazza . In the spring , patrol for and destruct eggs ( clusters of belittled translucent sphere ) and adults during nightfall and dawn . ready out beer trap from late outflow through tumble .
Many chemical controls are available on the mart , but can be poisonous and baneful for tyke and pets ; take aid when using them - always show the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis ordinarily found on plants that do not have enough breeze circulation or adequate lightness . problem are regretful where night are coolheaded and days are tender and humid . The powdery bloodless or grey fungus is usually found on the upper surface of leaves or yield . Leaves will often turn yellow or browned , coil up , and drop off . New leafage emerges crinkled and distorted . Fruit will be dwarf and often drops early .
Prevention and Control : implant resistant variety and space plants decent so they receive adequate brightness and atmosphere circulation . Always water from below , keeping body of water off the leafage . This is predominate for blush wine . Go easily on the N plant food . Apply fungicides according to recording label steering before problem becomes severe and follow directions precisely , not missing any require handling . Sanitation is a must - clean up and remove all leaves , flowers , or debris in the fall and destroy . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are due to fungi or bacteria . Brown or black spots and patches may be either ragged or round , with a water souse or yellow - edge appearance . Insects , rain , soiled garden putz , or even people can aid its bedspread .
Prevention and Control : absent infected leaves when the plant is dry . Leaves that collect around the base of the flora should be raked up and disposed of . deflect overhead irrigation if possible ; water should be directed at soil spirit level . For fungal foliage place , apply a urge fungicide accord to recording label directions .
plague : Scale InsectsScales are insects , related to mealy bug , that can be a problem on a wide variety of plant - indoor and outdoor . Young scales crawling until they find a good feeding situation . The grownup females then lose their legs and stay on a spot protect by its hard shell layer . They appear as bumps , often on the low sides of leaves . They have piercing mouth parts that suck the sap out of flora tissue . scale can weaken a plant life leading to jaundiced leafage and leaf drop . They also produce a seraphic meaning called honeydew ( coveted by ant ) which can lead to an untempting black surface fungal ontogenesis called pitchy mould .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are difficult to hold . Isolate overrun plants aside from those that are not infested . confab your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a effectual recommendation regarding their control . Encourage natural enemies such as parasitical wasp in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mould is a fungus that is found on the surface of leaves . It feeds on honeydew excreted from aphids , mealy bugs , scale , or ants . Though not serious , it is untempting when it overcompensate / blackens the leaves and halt of the flora . The skillful way to hold sooty mold is to verify the insects that make the honeydew . Sooty mould can commonly be wipe from leaf with a damp cloth or wash away with a hose - terminal spray .
