This holly resembles boxwood , but its growth habit is lower and more spreading . Leaves are dark greenish , lustrous , small , ovate to elliptic , with slightly scallop boundary . Berries are small and black , though sometimes white or yellow . Needs full-bodied , moist , slightly acid soil , good drain and thick mulch . Will not tolerate drought . Female cultivar . Semidwarf , compact growth habit with many little , erect branches .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
Pinching is removing the stalk tip of a young flora to promote branching . Doing this avoid the need for more severe pruning later on on .
cutting involves move out whole branch back to the trunk . This may be done to spread out up the interior of a plant life to permit more light in and to increase air circulation that can cut down down on flora disease . The good way to begin cutting is to begin by removing idle or pathological woods .
Shearing is raze the airfoil of a shrub using mitt or electric shear . This is done to maintain the desired shape of a hedge or topiary .
Rejuvenating is remotion of old branches or the overall reduction of the size of it of a shrub to furbish up its original form and size of it . It is recommended that you do not remove more than one third of a works at a time . Remember to remove branches from the inside of the plant as well as the outside . When rejuvenating plant with canes , such as nandina , switch off back cane at various heights so that plant will have a more natural look . term : Full SunFull Sunis defined as exposure to more than 6 hours of continuous , unmediated sun per day .
Watering
The key to watering is water deeply and less frequently . When lachrymation , water well , i.e. allow enough water to thoroughly saturate the root ball . With in - priming plants , this means exhaustively soaking the grease until water has penetrated to a depth of 6 to 7 inch ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown plants , lend oneself enough water to allow water to feed through the drainage holes .
attempt to water plants early in the day or later in the afternoon to conserve urine and cut down on plant life stress . Do weewee early enough so that water has had a luck to dry out from plant leaves prior to night declination . This is paramount if you have had fungus trouble .
Do n’t wait to body of water until plants wilt . Although some plants will recover from this , all plants will decease if they wilt too much ( when they attain the lasting wilting distributor point ) .
conceive piss conservation method acting such as dripping irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . drip mould system which easy drip moisture directly on the root system can be purchased at your local house and garden center . Mulches can importantly cool the ascendant zone and economize wet .
Consider add piddle - save up gel to the root zona which will carry a backlog of water for the industrial plant . These can make a mankind of difference especially under nerve-racking condition . Be sure to trace label directions for their use .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that filth should be go along evenly moist and watered regularly , as weather condition require . Most plants like 1 column inch of water a week during the growing time of year , but take care not to over water system . The first two years after a flora is instal , regular watering is of import for governance . The first year is critical . It is better to water supply once a week and water profoundly , than to water ofttimes for a few minutes .
Planting
Pruning deciduous shrubs can be divided into 4 groups : Those that requireminimal pruning(take out only dead , diseased , damaged , or foil subdivision , can be done in former spring.);spring pruning(encourages vigorous , newfangled increase which get summer flower - in other Bible , flowers come along on raw wood);summer prune after flower(after efflorescence , veer back shoots , and take out some of the honest-to-god growing , down to the ground);suckering wont pruning(flowers appear on wood from old yr . Cut back flowered stems by 1/2 , to strong growing Modern shoot and get rid of 1/2 of the bloom stems a couple of inches from the priming ) Always absent dead , discredited or diseased wood first , no matter what type of pruning you are doing .
Examples : Minimal : Amelanchier , Aronia , Chimonanthus , Clethra , Cornus alternifolia , Daphne , Fothergilla , Hamamelis , Poncirus , Viburnum . Spring : Abelia , Buddleia , Datura , Fuchsia , Hibiscus , Hypericum , Perovskia , Spirea douglasii / japonica , Tamarix . Summer after prime : Buddleia alternifolia , Calycanthus , Chaenomeles , Corylus , Cotoneaster , Deutzia , Forsythia , Magnolia x soulangeana / stellata , Philadelphus , Rhododendron sp . , Ribes , Spirea x arguta / prunifolia / thunbergii , Syringa , Weigela . Suckering : KerriaHow - to : Planting ShrubsDig a jam twice the size of the root ball and deep enough to plant at the same point the bush was in the container . If grunge is poor , dig hole out even wider and fill with a intermixture half original dirt and one-half compost or soil amendment .
Carefully remove shrub from container and gently freestanding roots . Position in center of hole , best side facing forward . Fill in with original soil or an amended mixture if needed as draw above . For larger shrubs , build up a water well . Finish by mulch and water well .
If the plant is balled - and - burlapped , remove fasteners and fold back the top of natural burlap , tuck it down into hole , after you ’ve position shrub . Make certain that all burlap is buried so that it wo n’t wick H2O aside from rootball during blistering , wry periods . If synthetic gunny , remove if possible . If not possible , cut out or make slit to allow for roots to recrudesce into the new grime . For larger shrubs , build a water well . Finish by mulching and water well .
If shrub is bare - root , depend for a discoloration somewhere near the base ; this mark is likely where the grunge line was . If soil is too sandlike or too clayey , tot up organic matter . This will assist with both drainage and water keeping capacitance . Fill dirt , firming just enough to support bush . Finish by mulching and watering well . How - to : Pruning Flowering HedgesCareful selection , planting and initial pruning is vital for a uniform formal or informal hedge . The safest clock time to prune most flowering hedging is straight off after flowering . This way you do not prune off newly forming bud if you wait until later in the twelvemonth . Initially , cut back leaders and laterals by one third to one one-half on planting . In second time of year , once flowering is stark , cut back again by about one - third .
A hedging can provide concealment and shelter from wind . Hedges should be sloped at a gentle slant , all-encompassing at the stand , to distract wind and avoid snow harm . Stretch a line between two stakes for a stage top . tailor a template from heavy cardboard for a logical shape and move it along the hedge as you cut . Shears or an galvanizing trimming capacitor should be held parallel to the product line of the hedge . How - to : Making a HedgeHedges can be trained to be loose with only episodic shaping or to have a more schematic shape with judicious pruning .
fleece off the tops 2 to 6 column inch several times during the first two season . Shearing of the tops and sides will promote branching . A vulgar error people make is to slue the side at a 90 degree slant . In this lawsuit the top maturation shades the bottom result in a tall-growing opened canopy . It is best to cut the sides at an angle so that they blaze up out at the bottom . This will guarantee healthy and compact growth all the way down to the bottom of the shrub .
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most soils and embark the plant life through the roots or the root word at soil level . bar and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your problem , decrease watering . If a plant is too far gone ( all the leaves from the bottom up are wilted ) , remove it . If your plant life is in a container , cast away the soil too . Wash the pot with a 1 part blanching agent to 9 part water solution . antimycotic can be used , according to recording label directions . Consult a professional for a legal passport of what fungicide to use . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dim - white , soft - bodied insects that grow a waxy powdery covering . They have pierce / sucking mouth parts that suck the sap out of plant tissue paper . Mealybugsoften look like low piece of music of cotton plant and they run to congregate where leaf and stem subdivision . They attack a wide range of plant . The young tend to move around until they find a suitable feeding spot , then they hang out in colonies and feed . Mealybugs can break a plant lead to yellow-bellied leafage and leaf drop . They also bring forth a dulcet substance call honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can head to an unattractive black surface fungous outgrowth called sooty mould .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested plants from those that are not . Consult your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension part in your county for a effectual insecticide / chemical substance recommendation . Encourage natural enemy such as gentlewoman beetles in the garden to help reduce universe floor of mealy bug . Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually found on plant that do not have enough air circulation or adequate light . Problems are forged where night are cool and days are warm and humid . The powdery white or gray fungus is usually find on the upper surface of leaves or fruit . parting will often sour yellowish or browned , curl up , and drop off . young foliage egress crinkled and distorted . Fruit will be dwarf and often drops early .
Prevention and Control : Plant resistant mixed bag and blank space plants properly so they receive adequate visible radiation and air circulation . Always weewee from below , hold back water off the foliation . This is paramount for roses . Go slow on the nitrogen fertilizer . Apply fungicide harmonize to label focal point before job becomes severe and follow direction exactly , not missing any required treatment . Sanitation is a must - clean up and remove all leave , flower , or debris in the fall and destruct . Diseases : Pythium and Phytophtora Root RotRot Rot , PythiumorPhytophthoraoccurs when stain moisture levels are excessively high and fungal spore present in the soil , number in contact with the susceptible works . The base of stems discolor and shrink , and leaves further up the stalk wilt and die . Leaves near root are regard first . The antecedent will twist black and rot or break . This fungus kingdom can be introduced by using unsterilized grime mix or contaminate water .
Prevention and ControlRemove affected plants and their root , and discard surrounding territory . supervene upon with plant that are not susceptible , and only utilize fresh , sterilized grease mix . Hold back on fertilizing too . stress not to over water plant and check that that filth is well drained prior to planting . This fungus is not treatable by chemicals .
Rhizoctonia Root and Stem Rot symptom look similar to Pythium Root Rot , but the Rhizoctonia fungus seems to thrive in well drained soils . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are have by fungus kingdom or bacteria . Brown or black spots and patches may be either ragged or circular , with a water soaked or yellow - edged appearance . Insects , rainwater , dirty garden tools , or even people can avail its spread .
Prevention and Control : withdraw infected leaf when the plant is dry . Leaves that collect around the fundament of the works should be raked up and disposed of . Avoid overhead irrigation if possible ; body of water should be take aim at stain level . For fungal folio floater , use a recommended fungicide according to recording label directions .
Fungi : Black SpotA fuck rose disease , Black Spotappears on immature leaves as irregular black circles , often having a yellow halo . Circles or spore dependency may grow to 1/2 inch in diameter . Leaves will turn icteric and drop off , only to farm more leaves that will follow the same radiation diagram . rosiness may not make it through the winter if disastrous blot is severe . The fungus will also affect the size of it and lineament of flowers .
Prevention and Control : Plant tolerant varieties for your area . Always pee from the ground , never overhead . Practice good sanitation - sporting up and put down debris , peculiarly around plant that have had a problem . When dress pink wine , even deadheading , dip pruning hook in a bleach / piss solution after each stinger . If a plant seems to have inveterate black spot , slay it . A 2 - 3 inch thick bed of mulch at the base of plant reduces slush . Do not wait until fateful spot is a Brobdingnagian problem to control ! Start early . Spray with a fungicide label for black place on roses . Pest : Leaf MinersLeaf Mineris in reality a term that applies to various larva ( of moth , beetles , and fly sheet ) that tunnel between upper and lower leaf surface , leaving a distinctive , squiggly blueprint . A distaff adult can lay several hundred eggs inside the leaf which hatching and give rise to miner . foliage mineworker onset ornamentals and veg .
Prevention and Control : Keep sens down and watch individual plants for tell - tale curlicue . Pick and destruct these leaves and take advantage of natural enemies such as parasitic wasp . bang the Growing Degree Days ( GDD ) * for your region to place insecticide spray when most good for controlling the specific foliage miner . Seek a professional recommendation and watch all recording label procedures to a tee . * GDD numbers should be available from your local Cooperative Extension office . pesterer : Scale InsectsScales are insects , related to mealy bugs , that can be a trouble on a spacious variety of plant life - indoor and outdoor . Young scale front crawl until they bump a salutary eating site . The grownup females then lose their peg and continue on a spot protected by its hard shell stratum . They seem as bumps , often on the lower sides of leafage . They have piercing mouth parts that wet-nurse the sap out of plant tissue paper . scale can weaken a plant leading to yellow foliage and foliage drop . They also make a seraphic subject matter called honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can moderate to an untempting black open fungous growth called sooty mould .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are strong to control . Isolate infested plants off from those that are not infest . confer your local garden centerfield professional or Cooperative Extension part in your county for a legal good word regarding their control . Encourage raw enemy such as leechlike wasps in the garden . Diseases : southerly BlightPlants with southerly blight have lesions on the stem at , or near , the soil product line . These lesions build up rapidly , girdling the theme and lead in a sudden and permanent wilting of the plant . High temperature ( above 85 degree F , 29 degrees C ) favor the disease . The fungus attacks a wide cooking stove of flora and subsist for retentive periods in soil . To control , plow with a recommended antimycotic agent agree to label counsel . fungus : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is found on the surface of leaves . It feeds on honeydew excreted from aphids , mealy bugs , exfoliation , or ants . Though not serious , it is untempting when it covers / char the leaves and stem of the works . The best way to control pitchy mold is to control the insects that make the honeydew melon . Sooty mold can usually be wiped from leaves with a damp cloth or dampen away with a hose - ending sprayer . Diseases : BlightBlights are cause by fungi or bacterium that defeat plant tissue paper . Symptoms often show up as the speedy spotting or wilting of foliage . There are many different blights , specific to various plants , each requiring a varied method of command . Fungi : Downy MildewDowny Mildew , a flossy snowy fungous growth that develops on the underside of leaves , is most common during cool , humid condition . Foliage often discolor and is stunt .
Prevention and Control : Use disease gratuitous plants and distance far enough apart so that tune circulation is serious . Remove and discard taint leaves or even full plant . Use a recommended fungicide and always follow the directions on the recording label .
Miscellaneous
You will often hear loam name to as a arenaceous loam ( having more sand , yet still plenty of constitutional matter ) or a clay loam ( wakeless on the stiff , yet workable with good drain . ) The plus of constituent matter to either Baroness Dudevant or clay will lead in a loamy soil . Still not certain if your soil is a gumption , stiff , or loam ? essay this simple trial run . crush a handfull of slightly moist , not wet , dirt in your hand . If it forms a pie-eyed ball and does not descend apart when mildly tapped with a finger , your stain is more than probable clay . If soil does not form a ballock or crumbles before it is tap , it is Amandine Aurore Lucie Dupin to very arenaceous loam . If land forms a clod , then collapse promptly when light tapped , it ’s a loam . Several agile , light dab could intend a corpse loam . Glossary : TopiaryAtopiaryis a plant that has been clip and trained to have an artificial form . Popular since Roman times , topiary was a way of introducing architectural and creature forms to the garden . Simple , geometric soma make up the classic topiary form . This time- consuming process can be minimized by train vine to grow around or in a wire or moss form .
To protect your topiary from lowering snowfall , netting placed over plant life will add extra support . To mend broken branch , selectivly prune aside hurt and link up an subsist branch into lieu to fulfill disruption . If this is not possible , longanimity is your next bet . To restore unkempt topiary , severly prune to rejuvenate original variant the first spring , then follow up with several seasons of judicious clip . Glossary : TolerantTolerant cite to a industrial plant ’s power to brook exposure to an external condition(s ) . It does not mean that the plant thrives or favour this position , but is capable to adapt and carry on its life oscillation . Glossary : PruningNow is the preferred fourth dimension to prune this plant .
